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Word Formation – Quiz 1
Word Formation Quiz 1 (30 MCQs)
This multiple-choice question set evaluates the understanding of word formation in English grammar, including noun and verb identification, infinitive constructions, and the ability to generate new ideas. It also assesses skills such as distinguishing between borrowing and loan-translation, analyzing word forms for appropriate usage, and identifying correct word usage based on natural phenomena.
Quiz Instructions
Select an option to see the correct answer instantly.
1.
What method of ..... (pay) do you prefer?
A) Pay.
B) Paid.
C) Payment.
D) Paying.
Show Answer
Explanations:
The correct answer is
C) Payment.
In the context of word formation, "payment" is a noun derived from the verb "pay." This transformation follows the rule of converting verbs into nouns by adding suffixes like "-ment," which is common in English. The other options do not fit this grammatical pattern: "Pay" and "Paid" are both forms of the verb, while "Paying" is a gerund (a verb form used as a noun), but it does not match the transformation from "pay" to "payment."
Option Analysis:
Option A:
Pay - Verb form.
Option B:
Paid - Past tense or past participle of the verb pay.
Option C:
Payment - Noun derived from the verb "pay" via suffix "-ment."
Option D:
Paying - Gerund form of the verb "pay."
2.
The brilliant ..... , Richard Feynman, did poorly in some subjects
A) Physicist.
B) Physics.
C) Phycist.
D) Physic.
Show Answer
Explanations:
The correct answer is
A) Physicist.
The sentence requires a noun to complete it, and "Physicist" fits as the subject of the sentence. "Physics" would be incorrect because it is a noun referring to the science itself, not a person.
Option Analysis:
Option A:
Correct. "Physicist" is a noun that completes the sentence appropriately.
Option B:
Incorrect. "Physics" refers to the field of study, not a person.
Option C:
Incorrect. Spelled incorrectly; should be "Physicist."
Option D:
Incorrect. Spelled incorrectly and does not fit grammatically in this context as it is an adjective or noun referring to the subject of study, not a person.
3.
These children have grown up to be useful and productive members of .....
A) Social.
B) Society.
C) Socialist.
D) None of above.
Show Answer
Explanations:
The correct answer is
B) Society.
The phrase "useful and productive members of" suggests a broader context where individuals contribute to the community as a whole, which is best described by the term "society." This implies a collective group of people who interact with each other in various social, economic, or political contexts.
Option Analysis:
Option A:
Social - Too vague and not typically used to describe a community context.
Option B:
Society - Correct term for the broader group of people interacting within a community.
Option C:
Socialist - Refers to a political ideology, not a general description of individuals in a community.
Option D:
None of above - Incorrect as "Society" is the appropriate term.
4.
During that time he became active in ..... and was elected governor of California in 1966.
A) Political.
B) Politics.
C) Politician.
D) Politic.
Show Answer
Explanations:
The correct answer is
B) Politics.
The phrase "became active in" requires a noun to complete the sentence, and among the options, only "Politics" fits grammatically as it refers to the field or activity of political affairs. "Political," "Politician," and "Politic" are not nouns and do not fit the context.
Option Analysis:
Option A:
Incorrect; "Political" is an adjective, not a noun.
Option B:
Correct; "Politics" is the appropriate noun to complete the sentence.
Option C:
Incorrect; "Politician" refers to a person who works in politics, not the field itself.
Option D:
Incorrect; "Politic" is an adjective meaning crafty or shrewd in political matters, not a noun referring to the field of politics.
5.
Directions:Identify the words that form the highlighted term. I am excited to wear my jeggings.
A) Jogging + leg.
B) Jeans + earrings.
C) Jog + earrings.
D) Jeans + leggings.
Show Answer
Explanations:
The term "jeggings" is a portmanteau, combining the words "jeans" and "leggings." This formation shows how two existing words are blended to create a new term with a specific meaning in fashion. The correct answer is D) Jeans + leggings.
Option Analysis:
Option A:
Jogging and leg do not form jeggings.
Option B:
Jeans and earrings are unrelated to jeggings.
Option C:
Jog and earrings have no connection to jeggings.
Option D:
This is the correct formation of jeggings from jeans and leggings.
6.
Extreme sports cause the feeling of
A) Encouragement.
B) Encourage.
C) Enjoy.
D) Enjoyment.
Show Answer
Explanations:
The correct answer is
D) Enjoyment.
Extreme sports are known to induce a strong sense of excitement and thrill, which can be best described as enjoyment. This feeling encompasses the overall positive emotional experience associated with engaging in high-risk activities.
Option Analysis:
Option A:
Encouragement - This term refers to the act of boosting someone's confidence or motivation, not a feeling experienced during extreme sports.
Option B:
Encourage - This is a verb form and does not describe a feeling. It is grammatically incorrect in this context as well.
Option C:
Enjoy - While close to the correct answer, "enjoy" is typically used with an object (e.g., I enjoy skiing). "Enjoyment," on the other hand, stands alone and accurately describes the feeling experienced during extreme sports.
Option D:
Enjoyment - This noun form correctly represents the overall positive emotional experience associated with engaging in extreme sports.
7.
The ..... of gas is harmless due to the ..... of salt.
A) Store / present.
B) Storage / presence.
C) Storement / present.
D) None of above.
Show Answer
Explanations:
The correct answer is
B) Storage / presence.
The word "storage" forms the noun from the verb "store," and "presence" means the state of being present, which fits logically in the context of the sentence. The sentence suggests that storage (of gas) is harmless due to its presence (of salt).
Option Analysis:
Option A:
Incorrect as "Store" does not form a logical noun and "present" does not fit grammatically or logically in this context.
Option B:
Correct as explained above.
Option C:
Incorrect for the same reasons as Option A, with an additional spelling error ("Storement").
Option D:
Incorrect as there is a correct answer among the options provided.
8.
What is the noun for the word HIGH?
A) Height.
B) High.
C) Height.
D) None of above.
Show Answer
Explanations:
The noun form of the word "high" is "height." This transformation from an adjective to a noun indicates the vertical distance above a reference point, such as the ground or sea level.
Option Analysis:
Option A:
Correct. "Height" is the noun form derived from "high."
Option B:
Incorrect. "High" remains an adjective and does not change to a noun.
Option C:
Repeated correct answer, but only one should be chosen. "Height" is the appropriate noun form.
Option D:
Incorrect. There is a valid option (A) that correctly identifies the noun form.
9.
All animals have to eat in order to .....
A) Lives.
B) Lived.
C) Life.
D) Live.
Show Answer
Explanations:
The correct answer is
D) Live.
In this sentence, the verb "to eat" must be followed by a base form of the infinitive to complete the meaning of survival. The phrase "in order to live" indicates the purpose or result of eating.
Option Analysis:
Option A:
Incorrect. "Lives" is not in the correct form for an infinitive.
Option B:
Incorrect. "Lived" is a past tense verb and does not fit grammatically here.
Option C:
Incorrect. "Life" is a noun and cannot be used as part of an infinitive construction.
Option D:
Correct. "Live" is the base form of the infinitive needed to complete the sentence.
10.
Carbon dioxide ..... are captured and stored deep underground.
A) Emitions.
B) Emissions.
C) Emits.
D) None of above.
Show Answer
Explanations:
The correct answer is
B) Emissions.
In this context, "emissions" refers to the release of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere. The sentence structure requires a noun that can be captured and stored, making "emissions" the appropriate choice.
Option Analysis:
Option A:
Incorrect as "Emitions" is misspelled.
Option B:
Correct as "Emissions" refers to the release of carbon dioxide and fits grammatically in the sentence.
Option C:
Incorrect as "Emits" is a verb, not a noun that can be captured and stored.
Option D:
Incorrect as there is a correct answer among the options provided.
11.
To exchange goods or services for money or other items of value (a)
A) A sell.
B) Seller.
C) Advertiser.
D) Advertiser.
Show Answer
Explanations:
The phrase "To exchange goods or services for money or other items of value" describes the act of selling, which is directly represented by Option A: "A sell."
Option Analysis:
Option A:
Correct. Selling involves exchanging goods or services for money or other valuable items.
Option B:
Incorrect. Seller refers to the person who sells, not the act of selling itself.
Option C:
Incorrect. Advertiser is someone who promotes products or services, which does not directly involve exchanging goods for value.
Option D:
Incorrect. Same as Option C; advertiser is not related to the exchange process described.
12.
Twelve people ..... in the accident.
A) Died.
B) Dies.
C) Death.
D) Die.
Show Answer
Explanations:
The verb "die" is used in the past tense as "died" when referring to a group of people, indicating that all twelve individuals passed away due to the accident. This usage follows the rule that collective nouns (in this case, "people") are treated as singular subjects and take singular verbs.
Option Analysis:
Option A:
Correct. "Died" is the appropriate past tense form of the verb for a group of people.
Option B:
Incorrect. "Dies" is in the present tense and does not match the context of the accident's outcome.
Option C:
Incorrect. "Death" is a noun, not a verb form, and thus cannot be used to describe the action of the people dying.
Option D:
Incorrect. "Die" is in the base form and does not indicate past tense or plurality for this context.
13.
Team sports help to develop a child's ..... skills.
A) Social.
B) Society.
C) Socialist.
D) None of above.
Show Answer
Explanations:
Team sports help to develop a child's social skills, as they involve interaction with peers and learning to work together towards a common goal.
Option Analysis:
Option A:
Correct. Social skills are developed through team interactions.
Option B:
Incorrect. "Society" refers to the community or group of people, not an individual skill development.
Option C:
Incorrect. "Socialist" is a political ideology and does not relate to personal skills developed through team sports.
Option D:
Incorrect. There is a correct answer among the options provided.
14.
Lend your money and lose your ..... (friend).
A) Friendship.
B) Friendly.
C) Unfriendly.
D) Friend.
Show Answer
Explanations:
The correct answer is
D) Friend.
The phrase "lose your friend" directly completes the idiom, making it grammatically and contextually accurate. This idiom suggests that lending money can lead to a loss of friendship due to potential misunderstandings or conflicts.
Option Analysis:
Option A:
Incorrect as "friendship" is not a direct object in the sentence.
Option B:
Incorrect as "friendly" does not fit grammatically or contextually.
Option C:
Incorrect as "unfriendly" is not an appropriate word to complete the idiom.
Option D:
Correct, completing the idiom accurately and logically.
15.
I think I will ..... my holiday for another two days!
A) Extend.
B) Extended.
C) Extensively.
D) Extensive.
Show Answer
Explanations:
The correct answer is
A) Extend.
The verb "extend" means to make longer in duration, which fits perfectly with the context of extending a holiday for another two days. In this sentence, "Extend" should be used as an infinitive verb following "will," making it the appropriate choice.
Option Analysis:
Option A:
Correct. "Extend" is the right form to use in this context.
Option B:
Incorrect. "Extended" is a past tense or past participle form and does not fit here as it would change the sentence structure.
Option C:
Incorrect. "Extensively" means thoroughly or at great length, which is not appropriate for this context.
Option D:
Incorrect. "Extensive" means large in size, range, or degree, and does not fit the verb form needed here.
16.
It's important for children to have a good .....
A) Educasion.
B) Educating.
C) Education.
D) Educate.
Show Answer
Explanations:
The correct answer is
C) Education.
In this context, "education" functions as a noun and refers to the process of receiving or giving systematic instruction, which is an important aspect for children's development. The other options are in different forms: "Educasion" (a misspelling), "Educating" (present participle form), and "Educate" (verb form). These do not fit grammatically as a noun in this sentence.
Option Analysis:
Option A:
Incorrect. "Educasion" is not a recognized word.
Option B:
Incorrect. "Educating" is a verb form and does not fit the context of receiving instruction.
Option C:
Correct. "Education" is the appropriate noun form to complete the sentence.
Option D:
Incorrect. "Educate" is a verb form and does not fit the context of receiving instruction.
17.
..... is the force of a magnet that pulls things toward it.
A) Attraction.
B) Attract.
C) Attractive.
D) None of above.
Show Answer
Explanations:
The term "attraction" correctly describes the force of a magnet that pulls things toward it. This is because attraction refers to the pulling or drawing effect, which accurately represents how magnets work.
Option Analysis:
Option A:
Correct. Attraction defines the magnetic force that draws objects towards a magnet.
Option B:
Incorrect. "Attract" is a verb and does not describe the force itself but rather the action of being drawn to something.
Option C:
Incorrect. "Attractive" refers to having an appealing quality, which is not related to magnetic forces.
Option D:
Incorrect. There is a correct answer among the options provided.
18.
Necessitate, compel
A) Arrive.
B) Continue.
C) Introduce.
D) Necessitate.
Show Answer
Explanations:
The word "necessitate" means to make something necessary or essential, while "compel" means to force someone to do something. The correct answer is
D) Necessitate
because it matches the definition given in the question.
Option Analysis:
Option A:
Arrive - This verb does not relate to making something necessary or essential.
Option B:
Continue - This verb means to keep doing something, which is unrelated to necessity or compulsion.
Option C:
Introduce - To bring something new into use or notice, this verb does not imply making something necessary or essential.
Option D:
Necessitate - This verb means to make something necessary or essential, which matches the question's requirement.
19.
There will be a ..... in this street.
A) With.
B) Meet.
C) Meeting.
D) Meets.
Show Answer
Explanations:
The correct answer is
C) Meeting.
In this context, "meeting" functions as a noun and fits naturally into the sentence to indicate an event that will occur on the street. The other options do not fit grammatically or semantically: "With," "Meet," and "Meets" are either prepositions, verbs, or third-person singular verb forms that cannot be used in this context.
Option Analysis:
Option A:
"With" is a preposition and does not fit grammatically to complete the sentence.
Option B:
"Meet" is an infinitive form of the verb, which cannot be used as the subject of the sentence.
Option C:
"Meeting" is a noun that correctly completes the sentence and makes it meaningful.
Option D:
"Meets" is a third-person singular present tense form of the verb, which does not fit as the subject of the sentence in this context.
20.
5) That simple mistake meant she managed to ..... all her good work. (DO)
A) Noun.
B) Adverb.
C) Adjective.
D) Verb.
Show Answer
Explanations:
The correct answer is
D) Verb.
The word "managed" in the sentence functions as a verb, indicating an action that resulted from her mistake. It describes what she did with her good work.
Option Analysis:
Option A:
Noun - Does not fit because nouns name people, places, things, or ideas.
Option B:
Adverb - Does not fit because adverbs modify verbs, adjectives, or other adverbs and often end in -ly.
Option C:
Adjective - Does not fit because adjectives describe or modify nouns or pronouns.
Option D:
Verb - Fits as it describes an action (managed) that led to the result of her good work being affected by a mistake.
21.
This is such an ..... comment. You can sometimes be very hurtful.
A) Unnecessarily.
B) Necessary.
C) Necessity.
D) Unnecessary.
Show Answer
Explanations:
The word "unnecessarily" fits grammatically and contextually in the sentence, making it a suitable choice to complete the statement. The phrase "This is such an unnecessarily hurtful comment" conveys that the comment was hurtful without any need or justification.
Option Analysis:
Option A:
Unnecessarily - Fits grammatically and contextually.
Option B:
Necessary - Contradicts the meaning of the sentence as it implies the comment was needed, which is not the case.
Option C:
Necessity - Does not fit grammatically or contextually in this sentence structure.
Option D:
Unnecessary - Incorrect; "unnecessarily" should be used to indicate that the comment was hurtful without a reason, while "unnecessary" would imply it wasn't needed at all.
22.
If you weren't so ..... of Ben, he'd be happier to spend time with you. CRITIC
A) CRITICISM.
B) CRITICAL.
Show Answer
Explanations:
Option B) CRITICAL is correct because the sentence implies that Ben's happiness in spending time with you would increase if you were less critical of him. The word "critical" fits grammatically and contextually, as it can describe a person's attitude or behavior.
Option Analysis:
Option A:
"CRITICISM" does not fit the sentence structure well because it is a noun and would require an article ("a" or "the") before it to be grammatically correct in this context.
Option B:
"CRITICAL" fits both grammatically and contextually, as it can describe your attitude towards Ben.
23.
6) There has been an overwhelming response to the two job ..... that were advertised last week. (VACANT)
A) Verb.
B) Noun.
C) Adjective.
D) Adverb.
Show Answer
Explanations:
The phrase "job vacancies" is a compound noun, where "vacancies" is the noun form of "vacant." Therefore, "vacancies" fits grammatically and semantically in the sentence to complete it correctly.
Option Analysis:
Option A:
Verb. Incorrect as verbs do not typically function as direct objects after "advertised."
Option B:
Noun. Correct, as "vacancies" is a noun that fits the context and grammar of the sentence.
Option C:
Adjective. Incorrect as adjectives modify nouns but do not act as direct objects in this context.
Option D:
Adverb. Incorrect as adverbs modify verbs, adjectives, or other adverbs and are not used to directly describe the object of a verb like "advertised."
24.
Which disaster has a cloud of ash?
A) Flood.
B) Earthquake.
C) Volcano.
D) Landslide.
Show Answer
Explanations:
Volcanoes release ash into the atmosphere when they erupt, creating a cloud of ash.
Option Analysis:
Option A:
Floods do not produce clouds of ash.
Option B:
Earthquakes do not directly create clouds of ash.
Option C:
Volcanoes release ash, forming a cloud of ash during an eruption.
Option D:
Landslides do not produce clouds of ash.
25.
A good teacher can encourage artistic ..... (create).
A) Creative.
B) Create.
C) Creation.
D) Creativity.
Show Answer
Explanations:
The correct answer is
D) Creativity.
A teacher can encourage artistic creativity, which refers to the ability to generate new ideas and express them in a unique way. This aligns with the context of an encouraging environment for artistic expression.
Option Analysis:
Option A:
"Creative" is an adjective that describes someone or something, but it does not fit well as a noun to complete the sentence.
Option B:
"Create" is a verb and does not make sense in this context as a noun.
Option C:
"Creation" implies the act of creating or something created, but it lacks the connotation of encouragement for ongoing artistic expression.
Option D:
"Creativity" is the most appropriate choice as it refers to the ability to think and come up with new ideas, which a good teacher can encourage in an artistic context.
26.
What is the noun for the word SHORT?
A) Shotage.
B) Shorten.
C) Shortacy.
D) Shortage.
Show Answer
Explanations:
The noun form of the word "short" is "shortage." This term refers to a situation where there is not enough of something, making it scarce or insufficient.
Option Analysis:
Option A:
Shotage - Incorrect. This is not a standard English word.
Option B:
Shorten - Incorrect. This is a verb meaning to make shorter in length or duration.
Option C:
Shortacy - Incorrect. This is not a recognized English term.
Option D:
Shortage - Correct. This noun form accurately describes the lack of something.
27.
In recent years, researchers have shown that ..... changes in the body can be accompanied by mental changes as well.
A) Phycical.
B) Physics.
C) Physicist.
D) Physical.
Show Answer
Explanations:
The correct answer is
D) Physical.
The word "Physical" is the appropriate term to describe changes in the body, which logically fits into the context of the sentence discussing bodily and mental changes. In contrast, "Phycical," "Physics," and "Physicist" do not fit grammatically or semantically.
Option Analysis:
Option A:
Incorrect. Spelled incorrectly as "Phycical."
Option B:
Incorrect. Refers to the study of nature, not body changes.
Option C:
Incorrect. Refers to a person who studies physics, not body changes.
Option D:
Correct. Describes bodily changes accurately.
28.
A special type of '' Borrowing" which is a direct translation of the elements of a word in the borrowing language
A) Suffix.
B) Prefix.
C) Loan-translation or calque.
D) Eponyms.
Show Answer
Explanations:
A loan-translation, also known as a calque, involves taking the meaning of a word in one language and directly translating it into another language by using corresponding elements from both languages. This is different from simple borrowing where words are taken whole from one language to another without translation.
Option Analysis:
Option A:
Suffix - Adding or modifying the end of a word, not related to direct translation.
Option B:
Prefix - Adding or modifying the beginning of a word, not related to direct translation.
Option C:
Loan-translation or calque - Correct. Directly translating elements from one language into another.
Option D:
Eponyms - Naming something after a person, not related to direct translation of word meanings.
29.
4) Apparently a ..... of all marriages in the UK end in divorce. (THREE)
A) Verb.
B) Noun.
C) Adjective.
D) Adverb.
Show Answer
Explanations:
The phrase "a ... of all marriages in the UK end in divorce" requires a noun to complete it, as it is referring to a proportion or percentage of marriages. Nouns can function as quantifiers in such contexts.
Option Analysis:
Option A:
Verbs do not fit grammatically here; they describe actions and cannot be used to quantify a group.
Option B:
Correct. Nouns like "third," "half," or "quarter" can appropriately fill this gap, indicating a proportion of marriages ending in divorce.
Option C:
Adjectives modify nouns or pronouns and do not serve to quantify groups directly in this context.
Option D:
Adverbs modify verbs, adjectives, or other adverbs; they cannot be used as quantifiers here.
30.
The mountains were ..... and the river was frozen.
A) Snow.
B) Snower.
C) Snowest.
D) Snowy.
Show Answer
Explanations:
The correct answer is
D) Snowy.
The word "snowy" describes the state of the mountains, indicating that they are covered with snow. This fits grammatically and contextually in the sentence.
Option Analysis:
Option A:
"Snow" is a noun and does not fit as an adjective to describe the mountains.
Option B:
"Snower" is not a real word, making it incorrect.
Option C:
"Snowest" is an unnecessary superlative form that doesn't fit in this context.
Option D:
"Snowy" is the correct adjective to describe the state of the mountains being covered with snow.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is word formation in English grammar?
Word formation in English grammar refers to the process of creating new words by combining existing morphemes or by altering them. This can involve adding prefixes, suffixes, or using other grammatical means to change a word's meaning or function.
How does artistic creativity play a role in word formation?
Artistic creativity often influences word formation by inspiring the creation of new words that may not strictly follow grammatical rules. This can lead to the development of neologisms, such as portmanteau words, which blend two or more words into one.
Can you explain infinitive constructions in word formation?
Infinitive constructions involve using the base form of a verb with "to" to create phrases that can function as nouns, adjectives, or adverbs. These constructions are often used for expressing purpose, reason, or potential actions.
How does word formation apply in idioms?
Word formation plays a crucial role in idioms by combining words to create expressions that have meanings different from their literal interpretations. Understanding these formations helps in grasping the figurative language used in idiomatic expressions.
What is noun formation, and how does it differ from other types of word formation?
Noun formation involves creating new nouns through various methods such as derivation or conversion. It differs from adjective formation in that the primary focus is on changing a word's function to a noun rather than altering its meaning to describe a quality.