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Clause Of Contrast – Quiz 1
Clause Of Contrast Quiz 1 (30 MCQs)
This multiple-choice question set evaluates the understanding of Concessive Adverbial Clauses and their usage in sentences. It covers skills such as identifying conjunctions that introduce clauses of contrast, using "Although" to indicate contrast, and forming purpose clauses with infinitives. The scope includes recognizing and applying contrast conjunctions effectively in complex sentence structures.
Quiz Instructions
Select an option to see the correct answer instantly.
1.
..... the fact that she was ill, she went to work.
A) Despite.
B) Although.
C) Even though.
D) None of the above.
Show Answer
Explanations:
"Even though" is the correct choice because it introduces a clause of contrast, indicating that despite the fact that she was ill, she still went to work. This conjunction effectively shows a contrast between two related ideas: her illness and her attendance at work.
Option Analysis:
Option A:
"Despite" is also correct but typically used with a noun or gerund phrase rather than a clause.
Option B:
"Although" is correct, just like "Even though," and introduces a clause of contrast.
Option C:
Correct. "Even though" introduces the clause of contrast indicating that despite her illness, she went to work.
Option D:
Incorrect. There is a valid correct answer among the options provided.
2.
I love meat and fish ..... my sister is a vegetarian!
A) And.
B) Whereas.
C) In spite of.
D) But.
Show Answer
Explanations:
"Whereas" is the correct answer because it introduces a contrasting clause, indicating that despite loving meat and fish, the speaker's sister has a different dietary preference as she is a vegetarian. This word effectively shows the contrast between the two subjects' eating habits.
Option Analysis:
Option A:
"And" would imply both individuals share the same preference for meat and fish, which contradicts the given information.
Option B:
"Whereas" correctly introduces a contrasting clause, highlighting the difference in dietary choices between the speaker and their sister.
Option C:
"In spite of" suggests an obstacle or difficulty that is not present in this context. The sentence does not indicate any struggle or challenge related to the sister's vegetarianism.
Option D:
"But" could also be correct, but "whereas" more formally and appropriately introduces a contrasting idea in this context.
3.
We use to, in order to, so as to, and so that to express
A) A contrast.
B) A purpose.
C) An infinitive.
D) A meaning.
Show Answer
Explanations:
We use "to," "in order to," "so as to," and "so that" to express a purpose in English grammar. These phrases are used to indicate the reason for an action or event, which aligns with Option B: A purpose.
Option Analysis:
Option A:
Incorrect. These phrases do not indicate contrast.
Option B:
Correct. These phrases express a purpose.
Option C:
Incorrect. An infinitive is an uninflected form of a verb, typically preceded by "to." The given phrases are used to introduce purposes or reasons for actions, not as infinitives themselves.
Option D:
Incorrect. These phrases do not provide the meaning directly but rather indicate why something is done.
4.
When you argue with your partner you may say things that you don't really want to say ..... , you should choose your words carefully before you speak.
A) Despite.
B) For this reason.
C) Even though.
D) However.
Show Answer
Explanations:
Option B, "For this reason," is correct because it introduces a logical consequence that explains why one should choose their words carefully before speaking during an argument with a partner. It connects the idea of saying things you don't really want to say with the necessity of being cautious about your words.
Option Analysis:
Option A:
Despite - This option is not suitable as it indicates contrast or opposition, which does not fit the context of providing a reason for careful speech.
Option B:
For this reason - This correctly introduces an explanation for why one should be cautious with their words during arguments.
Option C:
Even though - Similar to Option A, it suggests a contrast rather than explaining the necessity of careful speech.
Option D:
However - This option is used to introduce a contradiction or contrast, which does not fit the context here.
5.
Complete the sentence into a proper complex sentence! "Since air pollution has become so extreme, .....
A) Though many people have tried to fight for this cause.".
B) Because people have tried to use gasoline less.".
C) Air pollution is an issue in Jakarta.".
D) People are getting respiratory diseases.".
E) Movements to change people's mind about air pollution are no longer needed.".
Show Answer
Explanations:
Option D is correct because it provides a result clause that contrasts with the cause introduced in the main clause, "Since air pollution has become so extreme." This sentence structure highlights a consequence of the extreme air pollution, fitting the definition of a complex sentence with a clause of contrast.
Option Analysis:
Option A:
Though many people have tried to fight for this cause. - Introduces a contrasting idea but does not directly state a result or effect.
Option B:
Because people have tried to use gasoline less. - Provides an additional reason rather than a contrast.
Option C:
Air pollution is an issue in Jakarta. - States a fact without contrasting it with the main clause.
Option D:
People are getting respiratory diseases. - Shows a result of extreme air pollution, creating a clear contrast.
Option E:
Movements to change people's mind about air pollution are no longer needed. - Introduces an unrelated idea that does not logically follow from the main clause.
6.
The account manager called his client ..... arrange a meeting.
A) For.
B) To.
C) All the above.
D) None of the above.
Show Answer
Explanations:
The sentence "The account manager called his client ... arrange a meeting" is an example of a clause of purpose, which uses the infinitive form "to" before the verb "arrange". This structure indicates the reason or purpose for making the call. Therefore, option B) To is correct.
Option Analysis:
Option A:
For does not introduce an infinitive and would change the sentence's meaning.
Option B:
To introduces the infinitive form "arrange", correctly indicating purpose.
Option C:
All the above is incorrect because only one option fits grammatically here.
Option D:
None of the above is incorrect as Option B is correct.
7.
..... Nabuko lives far from Keiko, she sees her every weekend.
A) Although.
B) While.
C) All the above.
D) None of the above.
Show Answer
Explanations:
The sentence "Nabuko lives far from Keiko, she sees her every weekend." uses a clause of contrast to indicate that despite the distance between Nabuko and Keiko, they still manage to see each other regularly. The word "Although" (Option A) is used correctly here because it introduces a contrasting idea: although there is a significant distance, their relationship allows for regular visits.
Option Analysis:
Option A:
Correct. Introduces contrast between living far apart and still seeing each other regularly.
Option B:
Incorrect. "While" does not introduce the same type of contrast in this context.
Option C:
Incorrect. "All the above" is incorrect since only Option A fits correctly.
Option D:
Incorrect. The correct answer is identified as Option A.
8.
..... Sami is tall, handsome, and rich, he has few friends.
A) While.
B) Even though.
C) All the above.
D) None of the above.
Show Answer
Explanations:
Option B "Even though" is correct because it introduces a clause of contrast, indicating that despite Sami's positive attributes (tall, handsome, rich), he has few friends. This conjunction highlights the contradiction between his favorable traits and his limited social circle.
Option Analysis:
Option A:
While is typically used to introduce a clause of time or comparison, not contrast.
Option B:
Even though correctly introduces a contrasting idea, showing Sami's wealth and appearance do not translate into many friends.
Option C:
All the above is incorrect since only "Even though" fits the context of contrast.
Option D:
None of the above is wrong because "Even though" does fit the context of a clause of contrast.
9.
The company is expanding ..... there is a recession.
A) Even though.
B) In spite of.
C) All the above.
D) None of the above.
Show Answer
Explanations:
The sentence "The company is expanding even though there is a recession" uses the clause of contrast to indicate that despite an adverse economic condition (recession), the action of expansion continues. This structure highlights the opposition between the expected behavior during a recession and the actual behavior.
Option Analysis:
Option A:
Correct. "Even though" introduces a clause of contrast, showing that the company is expanding despite the economic downturn.
Option B:
Incorrect. "In spite of" does not fit as well in this context because it typically follows a noun or gerund rather than starting the sentence.
Option C:
Incorrect. "All the above" is incorrect since only Option A fits correctly.
Option D:
Incorrect. The correct answer is not "None of the above."
10.
..... the bag costs $ 1400 dollars, Carla bought it for her mother anyway.
A) Even though.
B) While.
C) All the above.
D) None of the above.
Show Answer
Explanations:
The sentence "Even though the bag costs $1400 dollars, Carla bought it for her mother anyway" uses a clause of contrast to show that despite the high cost, Carla still made the purchase. This fits the definition and usage of a clause of contrast.
Option Analysis:
Option A:
Correct. "Even though" introduces a contrasting idea.
Option B:
Incorrect. "While" does not fit as well in this context for introducing the contrast.
Option C:
Incorrect. Not all options are correct; only Option A is accurate.
Option D:
Incorrect. At least one option (A) is correct.
11.
I enjoyed the movie, ..... it was a bit long.
A) Though.
B) In spite of.
C) Despite of.
D) None of the above.
Show Answer
Explanations:
Though is the correct choice for this sentence because it introduces a clause of contrast, indicating that despite the movie being enjoyable, there was an aspect (its length) that detracted from the overall experience.
Option Analysis:
Option A:
Though is used to introduce a contrasting idea, making the statement coherent.
Option B:
In spite of is also correct but typically followed by a noun or gerund phrase, not directly preceding an adverb like "it."
Option C:
Despite of is incorrect; despite should be used alone without "of."
Option D:
Not applicable as Though is the correct choice.
12.
I still buy that chocolate bar, ..... it's much smaller than it used to be.
A) In spite of.
B) Though.
C) All the above.
D) None of the above.
Show Answer
Explanations:
Though is used to show that one thing contrasts with another, indicating a contrast between the speaker's current action (buying the chocolate bar) and an expectation based on past experience (the size of the chocolate bar).
Option Analysis:
Option A:
In spite of means despite or regardless of. It does not indicate a contrast in this context.
Option B:
Though is correct as it shows a contrast between current and past experiences.
Option C:
All the above is incorrect because only though fits the context of showing contrast.
Option D:
None of the above is incorrect since though is the appropriate choice.
13.
They went down to the harbour ..... see if theyhad fresh fish.
A) Although.
B) For.
C) So that.
D) To.
Show Answer
Explanations:
The correct answer is
D) To.
The phrase "To see if they had fresh fish" indicates the purpose of their visit to the harbour, which aligns with using "to" as a preposition indicating intention or purpose. This sentence structure forms a clause of purpose.
Option Analysis:
Option A:
Although - Introduces a contrast, not used for indicating purpose.
Option B:
For - Can be used to indicate purpose but "to" is more common and natural in this context.
Option C:
So that - Introduces a result or consequence, not the intention.
Option D:
To - Correctly indicates their intention or purpose for going to the harbour.
14.
IS THIS SENTENCE CORRECT?Arsyad is thin although he does not eat much.
A) CORRECT.
B) INCORRECT.
C) All the above.
D) None of the above.
Show Answer
Explanations:
The sentence "Arsyad is thin although he does not eat much" correctly uses a clause of contrast. The word "although" introduces the contrasting idea that despite Arsyad's low food intake, his physical condition (being thin) still holds true.
Option Analysis:
Option A:
Incorrect as the sentence is correct in its use of a clause of contrast.
Option B:
Correct. The sentence is indeed correct and uses a clause of contrast properly.
Option C:
Incorrect as there is only one correct answer.
Option D:
Incorrect as the sentence does fit the criteria for a clause of contrast.
15.
The restaurant staff seem happy ..... the fact that they work long hours every day.
A) Despite.
B) Although.
C) All the above.
D) None of the above.
Show Answer
Explanations:
The sentence uses a clause of contrast, indicating that the happiness of the staff is in opposition to their working conditions (long hours). "Despite" introduces such a contrasting idea, showing that despite the long hours, the staff are happy. This aligns with the definition and usage of a clause of contrast.
Option Analysis:
Option A:
Correct. "Despite" is used to introduce a contrast between the happiness of the staff and their working conditions.
Option B:
Incorrect. "Although" typically introduces a subordinate clause that begins with a subject, which does not fit here as there's no subject before it.
Option C:
Incorrect. "All the above" is incorrect because only "Despite" fits properly in this context.
Option D:
Incorrect. The correct answer is identified as "Despite."
16.
..... noisy it was, the children slept well
A) However.
B) Despite.
C) In spite of.
D) Although.
Show Answer
Explanations:
The sentence "..... noisy it was, the children slept well" is an example of a clause of contrast. The correct answer is
A) However.
This word introduces a contrasting idea between the noise level and the children's sleep quality.
Option Analysis:
Option A:
Correct. "However" introduces a contrast, showing that despite the noise, the outcome was different (the children slept well).
Option B:
Incorrect. "Despite" is used to show something that exists in spite of another fact but does not introduce a contrasting idea as directly as "However." It would be more appropriate if placed before the noun it modifies.
Option C:
Incorrect. "In spite of" functions similarly to "Despite" and is not used to introduce a contrast between clauses.
Option D:
Incorrect. "Although" introduces a subordinate clause, which does not fit the structure of this sentence as well as "However." It would be more appropriate if placed at the beginning of the sentence with a comma after it: "Although it was noisy, the children slept well."
17.
Which one has a stronger meaning, although or even though?
A) Although.
B) Even though.
C) All the above.
D) None of the above.
Show Answer
Explanations:
"Even though" is often considered to have a stronger meaning than "although," as it emphasizes the contrast more explicitly. Both are used to introduce a clause that contrasts with what has been said before, but "even though" can add a sense of surprise or greater emphasis on the contrast.
Option Analysis:
Option A:
Although is commonly used and effective in introducing clauses of contrast.
Option B:
Even though adds a stronger emphasis, making it more suitable for contexts where the contrast needs to be highlighted more strongly.
Option C:
All the above is incorrect because "even though" does not necessarily have a stronger meaning in all cases compared to "although."
Option D:
None of the above is incorrect since even though has a stronger connotation in certain contexts.
18.
IS THIS SENTENCE CORRECT?Damar is thin although he does not eat much.
A) CORRECT.
B) INCORRECT.
C) All the above.
D) None of the above.
Show Answer
Explanations:
The sentence "Damar is thin although he does not eat much" correctly uses a clause of contrast with the word "although." This conjunction introduces a contrasting idea, indicating that despite Damar's low food intake, his thinness is observed. Therefore, the claimed correct answer B) INCORRECT is actually incorrect.
Option Analysis:
Option A:
Correct - The sentence uses a clause of contrast properly.
Option B:
Incorrect - The sentence is indeed correct in its use of "although" to introduce a contrasting idea.
Option C:
All the above - Not applicable since only one option (B) is incorrect.
Option D:
None of the above - Not applicable as Option A is correct.
19.
Although, though, despite, in spite of, despite are all used to express ..... ?
A) An agreement.
B) A surprise.
C) A contrast.
D) A purpose.
Show Answer
Explanations:
"Although, though, despite, in spite of" are all used to express a contrast. They introduce a clause that contrasts with the main idea of the sentence, indicating that something contrary to what is stated in the main clause is true or being considered.
Option Analysis:
Option A:
An agreement - Incorrect. These conjunctions do not indicate an agreement.
Option B:
A surprise - Incorrect. They are used to highlight a contrast, not necessarily a surprise.
Option C:
A contrast - Correct. This is the primary function of these conjunctions.
Option D:
A purpose - Incorrect. These conjunctions do not indicate a purpose; they introduce contrasting ideas instead.
20.
He kept smiling ..... he was very nervous.
A) Although.
B) Despite.
C) In spite.
D) None of the above.
Show Answer
Explanations:
The sentence "He kept smiling ... he was very nervous." uses a clause of contrast to show that his outward behavior (smiling) contrasts with his inner state (nervousness). The correct preposition to introduce such a clause is "although," as it indicates a contrast between two clauses.
Option Analysis:
Option A:
Correct. "Although" introduces the contrasting idea, showing that despite his nervousness, he was smiling.
Option B:
Incorrect. "Despite" is used to introduce a prepositional phrase, not a clause of contrast.
Option C:
Incorrect. "In spite" is also used for a prepositional phrase and does not introduce clauses directly.
Option D:
Incorrect. There is a correct answer among the options provided.
21.
..... his lack of experience, he became a successful businessman.
A) Although.
B) In spite of.
C) Despite of.
D) Even though.
Show Answer
Explanations:
"Although," "In spite of," and "Even though" are all used to introduce a clause that contrasts with the main idea, indicating that something unexpected or contrary to what might be expected occurred. In this sentence, despite his lack of experience, he became successful. This shows a contrast between his initial disadvantage (lack of experience) and his ultimate success.
Option B ("In spite of") is correct because it properly introduces the contrasting clause.
Option Analysis:
Option A:
"Although" is also correct but less commonly used in this context compared to "In spite of."
Option C:
"Despite of" is incorrect; the preposition "of" should be omitted.
Option D:
"Even though" can also be correct, but it sounds slightly more formal and less common in this context compared to "In spite of."
22.
..... Toyota's profits are improving, Chrysler's are going down.
A) Despite.
B) While.
C) Inspite of.
D) None of the above.
Show Answer
Explanations:
"While" is used to show that two actions or situations are happening at the same time, despite a difference between them. In this sentence, "Toyota's profits are improving, Chrysler's are going down," we see two contrasting situations occurring simultaneously.
Option Analysis:
Option A:
Despite - This word is used to show contrast but not for indicating simultaneous actions or situations.
Option B:
While - Correct. It indicates that the two events are happening at the same time, despite their contrasting nature.
Option C:
Inspite of - Similar to "Despite," it is used to show contrast but not for indicating simultaneous actions or situations.
Option D:
None of the above - Incorrect because "While" fits the context perfectly.
23.
Complete the sentence into a proper complex sentence! "Insects have three body parts .....
A) Because they have six legs.".
B) For they can fly with their wings.".
C) An ant is an example of an insect.".
D) Whereas arthropods only have two body parts.".
E) While it is consisted of a head, throrax, and abdomen.".
Show Answer
Explanations:
Option D is incorrect because it introduces a comparison that is not relevant to the structure of the sentence about insect body parts. A clause of contrast should focus on contrasting information within the same subject, which in this case would be related to the three-body-part structure of insects.
Option Analysis:
Option A:
Irrelevant comparison between insects and arthropods.
Option B:
Incorrect as it introduces a flying ability not directly related to body parts.
Option C:
Provides an example, which is not necessary for the sentence structure.
Option D:
Incorrect due to irrelevant comparison.
Option E:
Correct as it provides a definition that contrasts with the incomplete statement, focusing on the body parts of insects.
24.
I appreciated my father's advice ..... it sounds impractical to carry out.
A) Whereas.
B) Although.
C) Despite.
D) None of the above.
Show Answer
Explanations:
"Although" is used to introduce a clause of contrast, indicating that the advice was appreciated despite its impracticality. This fits well with the sentence structure and meaning provided in the question.
Option Analysis:
Option A:
"Whereas" typically introduces a comparison or contrast between two complete sentences, not clauses within one sentence.
Option B:
"Although" correctly indicates a contrast, showing that something was appreciated despite the advice being impractical.
Option C:
"Despite" is often used to show that something happened in spite of an obstacle or difficulty but does not fit as smoothly with the sentence structure here.
Option D:
Not applicable since one correct option exists.
25.
She went shopping ..... she had no money.
A) Although.
B) Despite.
C) In spite.
D) None of the above.
Show Answer
Explanations:
The sentence "She went shopping
Although
she had no money." uses a clause of contrast to indicate that despite the fact that she did not have any money, she still went shopping. This is an example of a concessive adverbial clause.
Option Analysis:
Option A:
Correct. "Although" introduces a clause of contrast.
Option B:
Incorrect. "Despite" typically requires the preposition form, e.g., "She went shopping despite having no money."
Option C:
Incorrect. "In spite" also requires the preposition form, e.g., "She went shopping in spite of having no money."
Option D:
Incorrect. The correct answer is provided by Option A.
26.
Ken lives in a big city ..... his brother Jeffrey lives in a small town.
A) While.
B) Though.
C) All the above.
D) None of the above.
Show Answer
Explanations:
The sentence "Ken lives in a big city..... his brother Jeffrey lives in a small town" presents two contrasting situations, indicating a contrast between the locations of Ken and Jeffrey. The word "While" is used to introduce a clause that contrasts or compares two actions, events, or states. Therefore, it correctly introduces the second part of the sentence by showing that despite one fact (Ken living in a big city), another fact (Jeffrey living in a small town) holds true.
Option Analysis:
Option A:
Correct. "While" is used to introduce a clause of contrast, linking two related but opposing ideas.
Option B:
Incorrect. "Though" typically introduces a subordinate clause that expresses a concession or contrast, which does not fit the structure here as well as "While."
Option C:
Incorrect. Both "While" and "Though" are not needed together in this context; only one is appropriate.
Option D:
Incorrect. "While" is indeed correct, making this option false.
27.
They didn't find any proof of illegal activity and ..... , the investigation with regard to these companies was terminated.
A) However.
B) Consequently.
C) Despite this.
D) Therefore.
Show Answer
Explanations:
Consequently is the correct answer because it indicates a logical result following from the previous statement, showing that the termination of the investigation was a direct outcome of not finding any proof of illegal activity.
Option Analysis:
Option A:
However suggests a contrast or contradiction, which does not fit with the context.
Option B:
Consequently is correct as it logically follows from the lack of evidence.
Option C:
Despite this implies an exception or opposition to the previous statement, which is not applicable here.
Option D:
Therefore also suggests a logical result but is less precise than "Consequently" in this context.
28.
..... she was tired, she finished her homework.
A) Despite.
B) Even though.
C) In spite.
D) None of the above.
Show Answer
Explanations:
The sentence "..... she was tired, she finished her homework." is an example of a clause of contrast. The phrase "Even though" correctly introduces the contrasting idea that despite being tired, she still completed her homework. This usage highlights the relationship between two clauses where one clause contrasts with or modifies the other.
Option Analysis:
Option A:
Despite - Incorrect as it does not fit grammatically in this context.
Option B:
Even though - Correct, introduces a contrast between being tired and finishing homework.
Option C:
In spite - Incorrect as it does not fit grammatically in this context.
Option D:
None of the above - Incorrect as "Even though" is correct.
29.
People in Minnesota love to take walks in the park ..... the winters are very cold.
A) Although.
B) While.
C) All the above.
D) None of the above.
Show Answer
Explanations:
The sentence "People in Minnesota love to take walks in the park.....the winters are very cold" uses a clause of contrast, indicating that despite the cold winters, people still enjoy taking walks in the park. The word "Although" is used to introduce this contrasting idea.
Option Analysis:
Option A:
Correct. "Although" introduces a clause of contrast.
Option B:
Incorrect. "While" typically connects two clauses that are happening at the same time, not in contrast.
Option C:
Incorrect. "All the above" is incorrect because only "Although" fits the context.
Option D:
Incorrect. There is a correct answer among the options provided.
30.
IS THIS SENTENCE CORRECT?The road was closed even though there was no heavy snow.
A) CORRECT.
B) INCORRECT.
C) All the above.
D) None of the above.
Show Answer
Explanations:
The sentence "The road was closed even though there was no heavy snow" is correct because it uses a clause of contrast effectively. The phrase "even though" introduces the contrasting idea that despite the absence of heavy snow, the road was still closed.
Option Analysis:
Option A:
Correct as explained above.
Option B:
Incorrect because there is no grammatical error in the sentence.
Option C:
Incorrect since Option A is correct.
Option D:
Incorrect as one of the options (A) is indeed correct.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is a clause of contrast?
A clause of contrast introduces information that contrasts with the main clause, often using words like 'although', 'even though', or 'though'.
How do clauses of contrast differ from other types of clauses?
Clauses of contrast are distinct because they present information that contrasts with the main clause, whereas clauses of purpose might introduce reasons or goals.
Can a sentence have more than one clause of contrast?
Yes, a sentence can contain multiple clauses of contrast to present various contrasting ideas within the same statement.
What are some common conjunctions used in clauses of contrast?
Common conjunctions for clauses of contrast include 'although', 'even though', and 'though'. Other less common ones might be 'while' or 'whereas'.
Why are clauses of contrast important in writing?
Clauses of contrast help to present balanced and nuanced arguments by highlighting differences, which can make the text more engaging and informative.