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Result Clauses – Quiz 1
Result Clauses Quiz 1 (30 MCQs)
This multiple-choice question set evaluates the understanding of result clauses in English grammar, including their structure and function. It covers concepts such as past perfect tense, conditional reasoning, and the use of so...that structures to indicate consequences. The test also assesses skills in identifying result clauses and using them correctly to connect causes and effects.
Quiz Instructions
Select an option to see the correct answer instantly.
1.
The imperfect subjunctive is usually translated as .....
A) Were ing.
B) To were being ed.
C) Let them were ing.
D) Will be ing.
Show Answer
Explanations:
The imperfect subjunctive is usually translated as "were + -ing" in English, which corresponds to Option A: Were ing. This form is used to express hypothetical situations or actions that are contrary to fact and often appear after verbs like wish, demand, or suggest.
Option Analysis:
Option A:
Correct. The imperfect subjunctive in English is typically rendered as "were + -ing" for actions or states in the past.
Option B:
Incorrect. This option does not accurately represent the form of the imperfect subjunctive.
Option C:
Incorrect. This option uses a verb form that is not related to the imperfect subjunctive.
Option D:
Incorrect. This option suggests a future tense, which is not appropriate for expressing hypothetical situations in the past or present with the imperfect subjunctive.
2.
Terentia talis feminae erat ut sola fuisset fortis.
A) Is.
B) Was.
C) Had been.
D) None of the above.
Show Answer
Explanations:
The sentence "Terentia talis feminae erat ut sola fuisset fortis" is a result clause, indicating that Terentia was such a woman as to be alone and strong. The correct answer is C) Had been because the original Latin phrase implies a past state or condition resulting in her being alone and strong.
Option Analysis:
Option A:
Is - Incorrect, does not match the past tense implied by the sentence.
Option B:
Was - Incorrect, does not capture the idea of a past state resulting in her being alone and strong.
Option C:
Had been - Correct, indicates a past state that resulted in her being alone and strong.
Option D:
None of the above - Incorrect, as Option C is correct.
3.
Everyone came to the park ..... the weather was very bad.
A) Despite.
B) However.
C) Even though.
D) None of the above.
Show Answer
Explanations:
"Even though" is the correct answer because it introduces a result clause, indicating that despite the bad weather, everyone still came to the park. This conjunction shows a contrast between the expected action (not coming due to bad weather) and the actual outcome.
Option Analysis:
Option A:
"Despite" is not as formal for introducing result clauses; it's more commonly used with phrases like "in spite of."
Option B:
"However" is a transitional word that can introduce a contrast but does not specifically indicate the result.
Option C:
"Even though" correctly introduces a result clause, showing the contrast between the expected and actual outcome.
Option D:
This option is incorrect as "Even though" fits perfectly in this context.
4.
Catilina tam superbus erat ut Romam capere vellet.
A) Wants.
B) Wanted.
C) Had wanted.
D) None of the above.
Show Answer
Explanations:
The sentence "Catilina tam superbus erat ut Romam capere vellet" is a result clause, indicating the consequence of Catilina's arrogance. The verb "vellet" (would want) in this context correctly translates to "wanted," showing what Catilina would do as a result of his arrogance.
Option Analysis:
Option A:
Incorrect. "Wants" is in the present tense and does not fit the past context implied by the Latin sentence.
Option B:
Correct. "Wanted" matches the past tense of the verb in the result clause, accurately reflecting what Catilina would do due to his arrogance.
Option C:
Incorrect. "Had wanted" implies a past perfect action, which is not required by the sentence structure or context.
Option D:
Incorrect. There is a correct answer among the options provided.
5.
Ehhm ..... it's been a long time ..... I last drove a car.
A) Until.
B) Since.
C) While.
D) None of the above.
Show Answer
Explanations:
The sentence "Ehhm ..... it's been a long time ..... I last drove a car." indicates a period of time that has passed since the speaker last drove a car. The correct preposition to express this idea is "since," as in "It has been a long time since I last drove a car."
Option B) Since is correct.
Option Analysis:
Option A:
Until does not fit because it implies an ongoing action or state.
Option B:
Since is correct as it indicates the start of a time period.
Option C:
While suggests simultaneous actions, which is not applicable here.
Option D:
None of the above is incorrect because "since" is the right choice.
6.
You said you're moving to Argentina ..... you won't be needing your Harley. Can I have it?
A) IN WHICH CASE.
B) SO AS.
C) OTHERWISE.
D) THAT BEING THE CASE.
Show Answer
Explanations:
Option D, "That being the case," is correct because it introduces a result clause that logically follows from the given premise. The sentence structure indicates that if you are moving to Argentina and no longer need your Harley, then the speaker can have it. This phrase sets up the condition under which the statement about giving the Harley follows.
Option Analysis:
Option A:
IN WHICH CASE is similar but less common in this context.
Option B:
SO AS introduces a purpose clause, not a result clause.
Option C:
OTHERWISE suggests an alternative scenario rather than a logical consequence of the given situation.
Option D:
THAT BEING THE CASE correctly introduces a result clause that logically follows from the premise.
7.
Which type of clause? The walls were so large that they could not climb them.
A) Negative result clause.
B) Negative purpose clause.
C) Positive purpose clause.
D) Positive result clause.
Show Answer
Explanations:
The clause "they could not climb them" describes the result of the walls being so large. Result clauses express consequences or outcomes, and in this case, it shows what happened as a result of the walls' size.
Option Analysis:
Option A:
Correct. The clause indicates a negative result (they could not climb them) due to the walls being large.
Option B:
Incorrect. Purpose clauses express intentions or goals, which is not applicable here.
Option C:
Incorrect. Positive result clauses would describe something good happening as a consequence, but this clause describes an inability to climb.
Option D:
Incorrect. This option does not fit the context of describing a negative outcome resulting from the walls' size.
8.
I have ..... things to do today that I might have to work till late.
A) So many.
B) So much.
C) Such a lot.
D) None of the above.
Show Answer
Explanations:
Option A "So many" is correct because it properly introduces a result clause, indicating multiple tasks that will extend working hours. The phrase "so...that" structure is commonly used to express results in English, where the first part sets up a condition or state, and the second part describes the resulting action or consequence.
Option Analysis:
Option A:
Correct. Uses "so many" to introduce multiple tasks leading to working late.
Option B:
Incorrect. "So much" typically refers to uncountable nouns, not countable ones like "things."
Option C:
Incorrect. "Such a lot" is less formal and more colloquial than the other options.
Option D:
Incorrect. Option A is correct.
9.
Caesar est tantus dux ut is Galliam vincat.
A) Conquers.
B) Conquered.
C) Had conquered.
D) None of the above.
Show Answer
Explanations:
The sentence "Caesar est tantus dux ut is Galliam vincat" uses a result clause introduced by "ut". In Latin, the verb in a result clause following "ut" should be in the subjunctive mood. The correct form of "vincat" (he conquers) in the subjunctive is indeed "conqueres", which matches Option A.
Option Analysis:
Option A:
Conqueres - Correct, as it uses the subjunctive mood required by the result clause.
Option B:
Conquered - Incorrect; past tense does not fit the context of a future action in the result clause.
Option C:
Had conquered - Incorrect; past perfect does not fit the context of a future action in the result clause.
Option D:
None of the above - Incorrect, as Option A is correct.
10.
The imperfect subjunctive is used in various types of clauses, usually when the main verb is in a ..... tense.
A) Past.
B) Future.
C) Present.
D) Pluperfutureect.
Show Answer
Explanations:
The imperfect subjunctive is used in various types of clauses, usually when the main verb is in a past tense. This usage reflects an action that was habitual or repeated in the past and is often found in result clauses where the condition refers to a past situation.
Option Analysis:
Option A:
Correct. The imperfect subjunctive aligns with past conditions.
Option B:
Incorrect. Future conditions typically use the future subjunctive or other tenses.
Option C:
Incorrect. Present conditions usually involve present subjunctive forms.
Option D:
Incorrect. There is no such tense as "pluperfutureect."
11.
Tantus, -a, um means ..... and can introduce a result clause.
A) So much, so good,.
B) Joe Balkan.
C) So much, so great.
D) So good, so much.
Show Answer
Explanations:
The phrase "Tantus, -a, um" is a Latin expression that translates to "so much, so great," in English. This phrase can introduce result clauses, indicating the extent of an action or state resulting from another action or condition.
Option Analysis:
Option A:
So much, so good,. Incorrect translation.
Option B:
Joe Balkan. Not relevant to Latin phrases or result clauses.
Option C:
So much, so great. Correct translation and usage in result clauses.
Option D:
So good, so much. Incorrect order of words.
12.
Conrad made ..... money that he sold his business and moved to the Maldives.
A) Much.
B) So many.
C) Such a lot of.
D) None of the above.
Show Answer
Explanations:
Such a lot of is the correct choice for expressing a large amount of money in English, making it suitable for this context where Conrad made a significant sum that allowed him to sell his business and move to the Maldives.
Option Analysis:
Option A:
Much is also acceptable but not as formal or precise as "such a lot of" when specifying an exact amount.
Option B:
So many is typically used with countable nouns, making it incorrect in this context where money is an uncountable noun.
Option C:
Such a lot of is correct for expressing a large amount of money.
Option D:
Not applicable as the correct answer is provided by Option C.
13.
Smoking is dangerous ..... Jon quit.
A) Because.
B) -.
C) , so.
D) -.
Show Answer
Explanations:
The correct answer is C) , so, because it introduces a result clause that logically follows the main clause "Smoking is dangerous." A result clause explains what happened as a consequence of the action in the main clause. In this context, "Jon quit" is a logical result of recognizing the danger of smoking.
Option Analysis:
Option A:
Because - This would introduce a reason clause, not a result.
Option B:
- - This does not connect the clauses properly.
Option C:
, so - This correctly introduces a result clause.
Option D:
- - This is the same as Option B, not connecting the clauses.
14.
The residents weren't informed of the plans to develop the industrial park, ..... their outrage.
A) IN WHICH CASE.
B) THEREFORE.
C) HENCE.
D) None of the above.
Show Answer
Explanations:
The sentence requires a word that introduces a result clause, indicating the consequence of not informing the residents about the plans to develop the industrial park. "Hence" (Option C) is correct because it properly connects the cause (not informing the residents) with its effect (their outrage), showing a logical result.
Option Analysis:
Option A:
"In which case" introduces an example or scenario, not a consequence.
Option B:
"Therefore" is also correct but less precise in this context compared to "hence," as it can be used more broadly for various types of conclusions.
Option C:
"Hence" correctly indicates the logical result, making the sentence: "The residents weren't informed of the plans to develop the industrial park, hence their outrage."
Option D:
"None of the above" is incorrect since Option C is valid.
15.
The government's cut our funding by 30% ..... , we've been forced to abandon the parks project.
A) THAT BEING THE CASE.
B) RESULTING IN.
C) IN SUCH A CASE.
D) None of the above.
Show Answer
Explanations:
The sentence "That being the case" is a result clause that introduces the consequence of the situation described in the first part of the statement. It effectively connects the cause (funding cut) with the effect (abandoning the project).
Option Analysis:
Option A:
Correct. "That being the case" is a result clause that logically follows and introduces the consequence.
Option B:
Incorrect. "Resulting in" is not as precise or natural-sounding here; it would be more appropriate for a slightly different context, such as "The government's cut our funding by 30%, resulting in us having to abandon the parks project."
Option C:
Incorrect. "In such a case" is not as direct or natural-sounding as "That being the case" for introducing the consequence immediately after the cause.
Option D:
Incorrect. There is a correct option among A, B, and C.
16.
I'm going to stay at home ..... the rain stops.
A) By.
B) By the time.
C) Until.
D) None of the above.
Show Answer
Explanations:
The sentence "I'm going to stay at home until the rain stops" uses a result clause, which is introduced by "until." This structure indicates that the action of staying at home will continue until the condition (the rain stopping) is met.
Option Analysis:
Option A:
By - Incorrect. "By" does not introduce a result clause.
Option B:
By the time - Incorrect. This phrase introduces an adverbial of time, not a result clause.
Option C:
Until - Correct. "Until" is used to introduce a result clause indicating continuation until a condition is met.
Option D:
None of the above - Incorrect. Option C is correct.
17.
I'm afraid to go to the dentist ..... I never go.
A) -.
B) Because.
C) , so.
D) -.
Show Answer
Explanations:
The claimed correct answer is C) , so, because it introduces a result clause that logically follows the cause in the first part of the sentence. The phrase "I never go" is the result of being afraid to go to the dentist.
Option Analysis:
Option A:
Incorrect as it does not connect the two parts of the sentence.
Option B:
Incorrect as it introduces a reason clause, which is not needed here.
Option C:
Correct as it connects the cause and effect with a result clause.
Option D:
Incorrect as it does not connect the two parts of the sentence.
18.
He was ..... an old man ..... he could barely walk up the stairs.
A) So that.
B) Such that.
C) All the above.
D) None of the above.
Show Answer
Explanations:
The correct answer is
B) Such that.
In this sentence, "Such" introduces the result clause ("he could barely walk up the stairs"), and "that" is used to connect it to the main clause. This structure effectively conveys the consequence of him being an old man.
Option Analysis:
Option A:
"So that" typically requires a comparative adjective or adverb before it, which is not present in this sentence.
Option B:
Correct as explained above.
Option C:
Not applicable because only one correct option exists for this structure.
Option D:
Incorrect since there is a valid choice among the options provided.
19.
The woman was so ..... that no one heard her come in.
A) Quiet.
B) Quietly.
C) Quickly.
D) Quick.
Show Answer
Explanations:
The woman was so
Quiet
that no one heard her come in.
In this sentence, the word "Quiet" is used as an adjective to describe the state of the woman. The result clause "that no one heard her come in" explains the consequence of her being quiet.
Option Analysis:
Option A:
Correct. Adjective form fits the sentence structure.
Option B:
Incorrect. Adverb form does not fit here.
Option C:
Incorrect. Adjective form is needed to describe a state.
Option D:
Incorrect. Adjective form is required for this context.
20.
Form:subject+ had+ past participle
A) Past simple.
B) Past continuous.
C) Past perfect.
D) None of the above.
Show Answer
Explanations:
The form "subject+ had+ past participle" is a characteristic of the Past Perfect tense, which is used to describe an action that was completed before another past action. This structure indicates a sequence of events where one event happened before another in the past.
Option Analysis:
Option A:
Past simple refers to actions completed in the past without specifying when compared to other actions.
Option B:
Past continuous describes an action in progress at a specific time in the past.
Option C:
Correct. Past perfect uses "had" + past participle to indicate an event that occurred before another past event.
Option D:
Not applicable as the form matches Past Perfect.
21.
A purpose clause is a(n) ..... clause that uses a ..... verb.
A) Independent; indicative.
B) Dependent; subjunctive.
C) Independent; subjunctive.
D) Dependent; indicative.
Show Answer
Explanations:
A purpose clause is a dependent clause that uses a subjunctive verb. This is because purpose clauses express the intended result of an action, and in English grammar, such clauses typically use the subjunctive mood to indicate this intention or desire.
Option Analysis:
Option A:
Independent; indicative - Incorrect as independent clauses are not dependent on other clauses.
Option B:
Dependent; subjunctive - Correct for the reasons explained above.
Option C:
Independent; subjunctive - Incorrect because purpose clauses are dependent, not independent.
Option D:
Dependent; indicative - Incorrect as indicative verbs do not express intention or desire in this context.
22.
What does a result clause express?
A) An exhortation.
B) A polite command.
C) The goal/aim of the main clause.
D) The consequence/effect of the main clause.
Show Answer
Explanations:
Result clauses express the consequence or effect of an action, situation, or condition stated in the main clause. They typically begin with words like "so that," "that," or "in order that."
Option Analysis:
Option A:
An exhortation - Incorrect. Exhortations are calls to action or encouragement.
Option B:
A polite command - Incorrect. Polite commands use softer language like 'please' and are not typically expressed in result clauses.
Option C:
The goal/aim of the main clause - Incorrect. Goals or aims are more related to purpose clauses, which often start with "so that" or "in order that." Result clauses focus on outcomes rather than intentions.
Option D:
The consequence/effect of the main clause - Correct. This accurately describes what result clauses express.
23.
There was traffic congestion in the centre, ..... the council's decision to pedestrianise it.
A) HENCE.
B) SUCH WAS.
C) THEREFORE.
D) AS A RESULT.
Show Answer
Explanations:
Hence is used to show that something follows as a result of what has been said before. In this context, "there was traffic congestion in the centre" is a result of "the council's decision to pedestrianise it."
Option Analysis:
Option A:
Hence is correct because it indicates a logical consequence.
Option B:
Such was is not typically used to introduce results; it suggests that the congestion existed before the council's decision.
Option C:
Therefore is also a valid option, but hence is more commonly used in this context for conciseness and clarity.
Option D:
As a result can be correct too, but it sounds slightly less direct than hence or therefore in this case.
24.
He was ..... a mean person that none of the neighbors liked him.
A) Such.
B) So.
C) Nothing.
D) None of the above.
Show Answer
Explanations:
Such is used to introduce a noun clause that describes the extent of an adjective or adverb in a sentence, making it appropriate here to describe "a mean person" as the extent to which he was disliked by neighbors.
Option Analysis:
Option A:
Correct. Such introduces a noun clause describing the extent of his meanness.
Option B:
Incorrect. So typically modifies adverbs or verbs, not nouns directly in this context.
Option C:
Incorrect. Nothing does not fit grammatically here to describe the extent of his behavior.
Option D:
Incorrect. Such is the correct choice for describing the extent of a quality (meanness) in this sentence.
25.
Anh is uninterested in the movie ..... he thinks it is boring.
A) , so.
B) -.
C) -.
D) Because.
Show Answer
Explanations:
The correct answer is
D) Because.
A result clause explains the consequence of a situation, in this case, Anh's uninterest leading to his opinion that the movie is boring. "Because" introduces such a clause, making it clear why he thinks the movie is boring.
Option Analysis:
Option A:
So indicates result but doesn't fit grammatically here.
Option B:
A dash isn't used to introduce a reason or explanation in this context.
Option C:
A dash similarly wouldn't explain the reasoning behind Anh's opinion.
Option D:
Because introduces a result clause, explaining why he thinks the movie is boring.
26.
I may volunteer on an eco-project next year, ..... you can live in my house.
A) SO THAT.
B) AS A RESULT.
C) IN WHICH CASE.
D) None of the above.
Show Answer
Explanations:
"IN WHICH CASE" is correct because it introduces a result clause, indicating that the volunteering opportunity would lead to the possibility of staying at your house as a consequence.
Option Analysis:
Option A:
SO THAT - Introduces purpose clauses, not result.
Option B:
AS A RESULT - Implies an outcome directly follows without introducing a clause.
Option C:
IN WHICH CASE - Correctly introduces a result clause indicating the consequence of volunteering.
Option D:
None of the above - Incorrect as "IN WHICH CASE" fits correctly.
27.
Life in the Australian outback was ..... they returned to Sydney.
A) SO HARSH THAT.
B) SUCH DIFFICULT ONE THAT.
C) IN SUCH A HARSH STATE THAT.
D) ONE SUCH DIFFICULT THAT.
Show Answer
Explanations:
Option A is correct because it uses the structure "so + adjective + that," which is a common way to form result clauses in English. This construction emphasizes the degree of the adjective, indicating that life was extremely harsh, leading them to return to Sydney.
Option Analysis:
Option A:
Correct. Uses "so + adjective + that" for emphasis.
Option B:
Incorrect. "Such a difficult one" is awkward and not standard English for this context.
Option C:
Incorrect. "In such a harsh state" is redundant and not typically used in result clauses.
Option D:
Incorrect. "One such difficult that" is grammatically incorrect and awkward.
28.
Jim has lived in that house for ..... I canremember.
A) As long as.
B) Just as.
C) Whenever.
D) None of the above.
Show Answer
Explanations:
The sentence "Jim has lived in that house for..... I can remember." is a result clause, which indicates the duration of an action based on a condition or fact. The correct answer is
A) As long as
because it properly introduces a result clause indicating how long Jim has lived in the house.
Option Analysis:
Option A:
Correct. "As long as" introduces a result clause, showing duration based on a condition.
Option B:
Incorrect. "Just as" is used for simultaneous actions and does not fit the context of indicating duration.
Option C:
Incorrect. "Whenever" indicates an action at any time and does not relate to duration.
Option D:
Incorrect. None of the above would be chosen since Option A is correct.
29.
Our car goes so / such fast that I can't even see the houses passing by.
A) SO.
B) NONE.
C) SUCH.
D) None of the above.
Show Answer
Explanations:
The correct answer is
A) SO.
In this sentence, "so" is used to emphasize the extent of the speed, indicating that it is so fast that a result follows (houses passing by are not visible). The structure "so...that" is commonly used in result clauses to express an extreme condition leading to a consequence.
Option Analysis:
Option A:
Correct. "So" emphasizes the extent of the speed, leading to the result clause.
Option B:
Incorrect. "None" does not apply here as there is a correct answer.
Option C:
Incorrect. "Such" would typically be followed by a noun, which is not present in this sentence.
Option D:
Incorrect. This option suggests none of the above are correct, but Option A is indeed correct.
30.
..... you arrive at the airport, a limo will be waiting to collect you.
A) If.
B) When.
C) While.
D) None of the above.
Show Answer
Explanations:
The sentence "When you arrive at the airport, a limo will be waiting to collect you" uses a result clause introduced by "when." This indicates that the arrival at the airport is the condition under which the result (the limo collecting you) will happen. Result clauses describe what follows or results from an action or state.
Option Analysis:
Option A:
If - Introduces a conditional clause, not a result.
Option B:
When - Correctly introduces the time condition and its resulting action.
Option C:
While - Indicates simultaneous actions, not a result following an event.
Option D:
None of the above - Incorrect as "when" is appropriate here.
Frequently Asked Questions
What are result clauses?
Result clauses are adverbial clauses that express the consequences or effects of an action. They typically begin with words like "so," "therefore," "thus," and "consequently."
Can result clauses be found in Latin literature?
Yes, result clauses can indeed be found in Latin literature. They are used to express the outcome or consequence of an action, similar to their usage in English.
How do past conditions affect result clauses?
Past conditions can be expressed using past perfect tense in the main clause and a result clause. For example, "He had finished his homework, so he went to play." Here, the past perfect tense indicates that the action was completed before another past event.
Are there other types of clauses related to result clauses?
Yes, purpose clauses are closely related as they also express the intended outcome or reason for an action. However, they focus on the intention rather than the consequence.
How do result clauses differ from other types of adverbial clauses?
Result clauses specifically describe the outcome or effect, whereas other types of adverbial clauses, such as time and place clauses, provide information about when or where an action occurs.